Gynecology covers a broad range of topics, including a number of diseases and conditions that affect the female reproductive system and general health. These diseases include gynecological, obstetric and other women’s health issues.
Common Gynecological Diseases
Uterine Cancer - Endometrial Cancer
It is a type of cancer that develops in the lining of the uterus. Symptoms can include abnormal vaginal bleeding, pelvic pain and painful intercourse.
Breast Cancer
It is cancer that develops in breast tissue. Breast cancer can usually be recognized by symptoms such as a mass formation in the breast, changes in the breast skin and nipple discharge.
Cervical Cancer
It is characterized by abnormal growth and changes in the cells of the cervix. It is usually associated with the sexually transmitted HPV virus.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
It is a condition that causes hormonal imbalances in women of reproductive age. PCOS is associated with symptoms such as menstrual irregularities, cysts, weight gain and insulin resistance.
Endometriosis
It is characterized by tissues growing outside the lining of the uterus. This can lead to problems such as pain during the menstrual cycle, pelvic pain and infertility.
Fibroids - Uterine Leiomyomas
They are non-cancerous tumors that form inside the uterus. Fibroids can often cause symptoms such as increased menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain and pressure.
Female Infertility
It refers to the difficulty in achieving pregnancy due to various factors. Causes of infertility can include hormonal imbalances, ovulation problems, blocked tubes and male factors.
Menopause and Perimenopause
Menopause refers to the period when women naturally stop menstruating. Perimenopause is the period before menopause and symptoms may occur due to hormonal changes.
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
It is an inflammatory condition affecting the uterus, tubes and ovaries, usually caused by sexually transmitted infections.
These diseases are usually diagnosed and treated by obstetricians and gynecologists (gynecologists-obstetricians), internal medicine specialists and surgeons. Women should consult a doctor if they notice symptoms or for regular health checks. Early diagnosis and treatment can provide more effective results in many cases.